The dbt CLI is free to use and open source. For more information, see Connect to dbt Core. Because dbt Cloud and dbt Core can use hosted git repositories (for example, on GitHub, GitLab or BitBucket), you can use dbt Cloud to create a dbt project and then make it available to your dbt Cloud and dbt Core users.Start with dbt Core. dbt is also available as open source software for analytics engineers who want to set up and run dbt locally or on their own infrastructure. dbt Core™ is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license, and includes the functionality required for modern analytics engineering.By default, dbt Cloud uses environment variable values set in the project's development environment. To see and override these values, click the gear icon in the top right. Under "Your Profile," click Credentials and select your project. Click Edit and make any changes in "Environment Variables." To supply an override, developers can edit and ...DBT DAG Lineage graph for CLI version. I’m running DBT CLI and was wondering if I can see the DBT DAG lineage graph. Is this available for CLI version. Please help. Gauresh. What you’re looking at are dbt docs, and they’re part of dbt core (the CLI) I would check out the docs on docs but if you want to get started run the commands below:Pedram wrote his feeling: We need to talk about dbt and Tristan, dbt Labs CEO, answered . VC pressure on dbt Labs to provide features that are not relevant to Pedram context and to be profitable. And Tristan answered in a great way — saying for instance "We plan to support non-SQL languages" and "10 FTEs dedicated fully to dbt Core (product ... I'm currently on Windows 10 and use a Docker image for my dbt project without needing WSL. Below is my Dockerfile and requirements.txt file with dbt-core and dbt-snowflake but feel free to swap the packages you need. In my repo, my dbt project is in a folder at the root level named dbt. requirements.txt. dbt-core==1.1.0 dbt-snowflake==1.1.0 ...They will later be picked up by all dbt commands when reading the dbt/profiles.yml file. In the last step of scripts/run_dbt.sh, we copy the artifacts that dbt creates after dbt run (manifest, lineage), dbt test (test results) and dbt docs generate (static index.html page containing the docs) to a S3 bucket.dbt docs might be what you're looking for? You need to first generate the docs using: dbt docs generate. Then, serve them: dbt docs serve. You'll find that the docs are served locally.ever, pilot studies indicate that DBT is effective at reducing core symptoms of those disorders (e.g., binge/purge episodes in bulimia and substance use fre-quency in substance use disorders). How Long Does DBT Last? How Soon Can I Expect Changes? The research studies conducted on DBT for BPD have all included one year of treatment or less. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a cognitive behavioral treatment that was originally developed to treat chronically suicidal individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and it is now recognized as the gold standard psychological treatment for this population. In addition, research has shown that it is effective in ...dbt allows authors to define meta properties for datasets. Checkout this link to know more - dbt meta. Our dbt source allows users to define actions such as add a tag, term or owner. For example if a dbt model has a meta config "has_pii": True, we can define an action that evaluates if the property is set to true and add, lets say, a pii tag ...Sep 21, 2020 · With dbt Core, the business no longer needs to search through random Python scripts and layered LookML files. dbt Core is the single source of truth for analytics code: In-warehouse transformations reduce complexity and ensure everything is in one place. Easily Manage Your Transformation Schedules Company training. The dbt Labs Professional Services team offers two private training packages for Enterprise customers: Rapid Onboarding: Jumpstart your dbt Cloud implementation using your own data. Group Training: Build skills and confidence with sample data in a sandbox environment. The guidelines in this document apply to all dbt logo marks: dbt Labs, dbt, and dbt Core. These logos communicate unique aspects of the dbt brand, please choose the appropriate logo: Use dbt Labs when referring to the company that creates and maintains dbt. Use dbt Core when referring to the open source compilation logic that powers dbt. dbt Labs has always encouraged users to upgrade dbt Core versions whenever a new minor version is released. We released our first major version of dbt - dbt 1.0 - in December 2021. Alongside this release, we updated our policy on which versions of dbt Core we will support in dbt Cloud. Starting with v1.0, all subsequent minor versions are ...Aug 31, 2023 · There are two ways of defining tests in dbt: A singular test is testing in its simplest form: If you can write a SQL query that returns failing rows, you can save that query in a .sql file within your test directory. It's now a test, and it will be executed by the dbt test command. A generic test is a parameterized query that accepts arguments. Edit, October 2021: I wrote this before joining the dbt Labs team, while I was the Head of Data at Education Perfect. Please interpret “we” accordingly!. The core of dbt’s value proposition is that analytics code is an asset, like any other piece of code, so it should be developed and deployed with the same rigorous processes as any other piece of code.The guidelines in this document apply to all dbt logo marks: dbt Labs, dbt, and dbt Core. These logos communicate unique aspects of the dbt brand, please choose the appropriate logo: Use dbt Labs when referring to the company that creates and maintains dbt. Use dbt Core when referring to the open source compilation logic that powers dbt.Released: Aug 23, 2023 With dbt, data analysts and engineers can build analytics the way engineers build applications. Project description dbt enables data analysts and engineers to transform their data using the same practices that software engineers use to build applications. Understanding dbtAug 9, 2023 · The dbt CLI is free to use and open source. For more information, see Connect to dbt Core. Because dbt Cloud and dbt Core can use hosted git repositories (for example, on GitHub, GitLab or BitBucket), you can use dbt Cloud to create a dbt project and then make it available to your dbt Cloud and dbt Core users. One year ago, some were already predicting that dbt will one day become bigger than Spark, and the year 2021 proved them right: dbt has become incredibly popular and rumor has it that dbt-labs might raise again at $6 billion valuation. At this rate, they will soon catch up with Databricks which reached a $38 billion valuation in September 2021.The guidelines in this document apply to all dbt logo marks: dbt Labs, dbt, and dbt Core. These logos communicate unique aspects of the dbt brand, please choose the appropriate logo: Use dbt Labs when referring to the company that creates and maintains dbt. Use dbt Core when referring to the open source compilation logic that powers dbt.dbt core Installation. Getting started with dbt core is easy and straightforward. To begin, open your terminal and install the specific provider you will be using. In this example, we will be ...Overall, data lineage is a fundamental concept to understand in the practice of analytics engineering and modern data work. At a high level, a data lineage system typically provides data teams and consumers with one or both of the following resources: A visual graph (DAG) of sequential workflows at the data set or column level. A data catalog ...dbt core Installation. Getting started with dbt core is easy and straightforward. To begin, open your terminal and install the specific provider you will be using. In this example, we will be ...dbt Core is an open-source tool that enables data teams to transform data using analytics engineering best practices. You can install dbt locally in your environment and use dbt Core on the command line. It can communicate with databases through adapters. This section of our docs will guide you through various settings to get started: About the CLIOct 12, 2022 · This API allows you to monitor, create, run, cancel, or even overload your various dbt Jobs and pipelines, which is something you don’t have access to with dbt Core. This makes it very easy for you to configure certain actions to execute based on other activities, such as a merge in your git repository. You can even extract the artifacts from ... This article focuses on using dbt Core. dbt Core enables you to write dbt code in the text editor or IDE of your choice on your local development machine and then run dbt from the command line. dbt Core includes the dbt Command Line Interface (CLI). The dbt CLI is free to use and open source.They will later be picked up by all dbt commands when reading the dbt/profiles.yml file. In the last step of scripts/run_dbt.sh, we copy the artifacts that dbt creates after dbt run (manifest, lineage), dbt test (test results) and dbt docs generate (static index.html page containing the docs) to a S3 bucket.Nov 17, 2022 · 1. Models are created in a dbt Core project. dbt then compiles these models into SQL statements that will transform the data in the data warehouse. 2. This dbt project is then published to a Git repository like GitHub. This centralizes the code in a single source of truth (dbt Core) repository and allows different teams to collaborate on the ... About the CLI. dbt ships with a command line interface (CLI) for running your dbt project. This way of running dbt and a dbt project is free and open source. To use the CLI, your workflow generally looks like: Build your dbt project in a code editor — popular choices include VSCode and Atom. Run your project from the command line — macOS ...Jul 7, 2022 · Distress tolerance. Emotional regulation. Recap. Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) works around developing four major skills: mindfulness, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, and ... Jul 18, 2023 · The dbt_metrics package has been deprecated and replaced with MetricFlow. If you're using the dbt_metrics package or the legacy Semantic Layer (available on v1.5 or lower), we highly recommend upgrading your dbt version to dbt v1.6 or higher to access MetricFlow and the new dbt Semantic Layer. To migrate to the new Semantic Layer, refer to the ... dbt Core v1.0 Reveal Jeremy Cohen Jeremy is passionate about modern data, ancient religion, languages, statistics, trivial knowledge, and being somewhat funny. It’s been five years; it’s time to cut the ribbon.Click on the Vessel in the Fleet Builder and you will see the settings for the Vessel pop up on the left of your screen. 7. Under Vessel Name, enter dbt Core CLI Command. 8. Under dbt CLI Command, enter dbt debug. 9. Click the gear on the sidebar to open Fleet Settings. 10. Under Fleet Name, enter dbt Core.With the DAG-in-the-IDE, analytics engineers can seamlessly navigate the core structure of their dbt project with low friction and low cognitive load, making the entire development process more intuitive / pleasant / efficient. This type of IDE functionality is normal for software engineers. Most IDEs have features that enable them to natively ...Step 3: pip3 install dbt. Once in the cloud shell, installing dbt is really easy. To avoid problems skip installing the full dbt, but just install the dbt-bigquery parts with: $ pip3 install --user --upgrade dbt-bigquery. Notes: pip3 instead of pip, to make sure we are on the Python 3 world.Mar 10, 2023 · • Implementing and scaling dbt Core without engineers • dbt Core v1.0 Reveal • Data Analytics in a Snowflake world • Firebolt Deep Dive - Next generation performance with dbt • The Endpoints are the Beginning: Using the dbt Cloud API to build a culture of data awareness • dbt, Notebooks and the modern data experience By default, dbt run will execute all of the models in the dependency graph. During development (and deployment), it is useful to specify only a subset of models to run. Use the --select flag with dbt run to select a subset of models to run. Note that the following arguments ( --select, --exclude, and --selector) also apply to other dbt tasks ...dbt allows authors to define meta properties for datasets. Checkout this link to know more - dbt meta. Our dbt source allows users to define actions such as add a tag, term or owner. For example if a dbt model has a meta config "has_pii": True, we can define an action that evaluates if the property is set to true and add, lets say, a pii tag ...Mar 6, 2023 · Here at dbt Labs, we build, maintain, and iterate on two products: dbt Core: an open-source framework for transforming data dbt Cloud: a managed service which provides Git-integrated code editing, job orchestration, and data quality controls on top of dbt Core’s transformation engine File, init.sh should hold below information. 4. Create a folder scripts_postgres. Create a file ‘init-user-db.sh’ with below content. 5. Create a docker file ‘dockerfile’. 6. Time to up ...Sep 29, 2021 · Dbt compiles the models into sql queries under the target folder (not part of git repo) and executes them on the data warehouse. To schedule dbt runs, snapshots, and tests we need to use a scheduler. Dbt cloud is a great option to do easy scheduling. Checkout this article to learn how to schedule jobs with dbt cloud. By default, dbt Cloud uses environment variable values set in the project's development environment. To see and override these values, click the gear icon in the top right. Under "Your Profile," click Credentials and select your project. Click Edit and make any changes in "Environment Variables." To supply an override, developers can edit and ...Edit, October 2021: I wrote this before joining the dbt Labs team, while I was the Head of Data at Education Perfect. Please interpret “we” accordingly!. The core of dbt’s value proposition is that analytics code is an asset, like any other piece of code, so it should be developed and deployed with the same rigorous processes as any other piece of code.The fundamental difference between dbt Core and dbt Cloud is how you approach working with each. In the simplest terms, dbt Core is a command-line interface (CLI), and dbt Cloud is an integrated development environment (IDE). Keep that in mind as you read, weigh the tradeoffs and consider how your team would be best served.Overall, data lineage is a fundamental concept to understand in the practice of analytics engineering and modern data work. At a high level, a data lineage system typically provides data teams and consumers with one or both of the following resources: A visual graph (DAG) of sequential workflows at the data set or column level. A data catalog ...Mar 29, 2023 · Extract, Load, Transform (ELT) is the process of first extracting data from different data sources, then loading it into a target data warehouse, and finally transforming it. ELT has emerged as a paradigm for how to manage information flows in a modern data warehouse. This represents a fundamental shift from how data previously was handled when ... prefect-dbt also supports execution of dbt Core CLI commands. To get started, if you don't have a DbtCoreOperation block already saved, set the commands that you want to run; it can include a mix of dbt and non-dbt commands. Then, optionally specify the project_dir. If profiles_dir is unset, it will try to use the DBT_PROFILES_DIR environment ...dbt Labs has always encouraged users to upgrade dbt Core versions whenever a new minor version is released. We released our first major version of dbt - dbt 1.0 - in December 2021. Alongside this release, we updated our policy on which versions of dbt Core we will support in dbt Cloud. Starting with v1.0, all subsequent minor versions are ...Sep 21, 2020 · With dbt Core, the business no longer needs to search through random Python scripts and layered LookML files. dbt Core is the single source of truth for analytics code: In-warehouse transformations reduce complexity and ensure everything is in one place. Easily Manage Your Transformation Schedules One year ago, some were already predicting that dbt will one day become bigger than Spark, and the year 2021 proved them right: dbt has become incredibly popular and rumor has it that dbt-labs might raise again at $6 billion valuation. At this rate, they will soon catch up with Databricks which reached a $38 billion valuation in September 2021.Prepare for the complexity that arises as your data matures. dbt is a data management platform that’s built for scale and grows with you, so you can: Unify your team and standardize processes across your systems. Give your teams’ workflow extensibility and flexibility with integrations and APIs from our robust partner ecosystem.Dec 4, 2022 · They will later be picked up by all dbt commands when reading the dbt/profiles.yml file. In the last step of scripts/run_dbt.sh, we copy the artifacts that dbt creates after dbt run (manifest, lineage), dbt test (test results) and dbt docs generate (static index.html page containing the docs) to a S3 bucket. Pedram wrote his feeling: We need to talk about dbt and Tristan, dbt Labs CEO, answered . VC pressure on dbt Labs to provide features that are not relevant to Pedram context and to be profitable. And Tristan answered in a great way — saying for instance "We plan to support non-SQL languages" and "10 FTEs dedicated fully to dbt Core (product ... Supported dbt Core version: v0.14.0 and newerdbt Cloud support: Not SupportedMinimum data platform version: SQL Server 2016 Installing . dbt-sqlserver pip is the easiest way to install the adapter: pip install . dbt-sqlserverInstalling dbt-sqlserver will also install dbt-core and any other dependencies. Configuring . dbt-sqlserverMay 1, 2023 · Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a modified type of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Its main goals are to teach people how to live in the moment, develop healthy ways to cope with stress, regulate their emotions, and improve their relationships with others. DBT was originally intended to treat borderline personality disorder (BPD), but ... dbt Labs has always encouraged users to upgrade dbt Core versions whenever a new minor version is released. We released our first major version of dbt - dbt 1.0 - in December 2021. Alongside this release, we updated our policy on which versions of dbt Core we will support in dbt Cloud. Starting with v1.0, all subsequent minor versions are ...Jan 25, 2019 · substance use disorders. At its core, DBT helps people build four major skills: mindfulness. distress tolerance. interpersonal effectiveness. emotional regulation. Read on to learn more about DBT ... Overall, data lineage is a fundamental concept to understand in the practice of analytics engineering and modern data work. At a high level, a data lineage system typically provides data teams and consumers with one or both of the following resources: A visual graph (DAG) of sequential workflows at the data set or column level. A data catalog ...Sep 30, 2022 · I'm currently on Windows 10 and use a Docker image for my dbt project without needing WSL. Below is my Dockerfile and requirements.txt file with dbt-core and dbt-snowflake but feel free to swap the packages you need. In my repo, my dbt project is in a folder at the root level named dbt. requirements.txt. dbt-core==1.1.0 dbt-snowflake==1.1.0 ... DBT Skills List. Welcome! This is a list of the Dialectical Behavioral Therapy skills and other information you will find on this site. DBT is about practice and repetition more so than simply remembering a skills name or filling out a worksheet once. The more you practice and use the skills, the more likely you are to find them useful in the ... They will later be picked up by all dbt commands when reading the dbt/profiles.yml file. In the last step of scripts/run_dbt.sh, we copy the artifacts that dbt creates after dbt run (manifest, lineage), dbt test (test results) and dbt docs generate (static index.html page containing the docs) to a S3 bucket.By default, dbt Cloud uses environment variable values set in the project's development environment. To see and override these values, click the gear icon in the top right. Under "Your Profile," click Credentials and select your project. Click Edit and make any changes in "Environment Variables." To supply an override, developers can edit and ...CLI overview. dbt Core ships with a command-line interface (CLI) for running your dbt project. The dbt CLI is free to use and available as an open source project. When using the command line, you can run commands and do other work from the current or working directory on your computer. Before running the dbt project from the command line, make ...Sep 30, 2022 · I'm currently on Windows 10 and use a Docker image for my dbt project without needing WSL. Below is my Dockerfile and requirements.txt file with dbt-core and dbt-snowflake but feel free to swap the packages you need. In my repo, my dbt project is in a folder at the root level named dbt. requirements.txt. dbt-core==1.1.0 dbt-snowflake==1.1.0 ... In DBT, core mindfulness begins with the concept of states of mind. According to the theory, there are three states of mind that we are all in at varying times: wise mind, logical mind, and ...Start with dbt Core. dbt is also available as open source software for analytics engineers who want to set up and run dbt locally or on their own infrastructure. dbt Core™ is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license, and includes the functionality required for modern analytics engineering. May 31, 2023 · dbt Core is an open-source tool that enables data teams to transform data using analytics engineering best practices. You can install dbt locally in your environment and use dbt Core on the command line. It can communicate with databases through adapters. This section of our docs will guide you through various settings to get started: About the CLI Under Vessel Name, enter dbt Core CLI Command. Under dbt CLI Command, enter dbt debug. Click the gear on the sidebar to open Fleet Settings. Under Fleet Name, enter dbt Core. Click Save & Finish on the bottom right of your screen. This should take you to a page showing that your Fleet was created successfully.Create new secret: Upload the saved JSON keyfile: Now, go back to Cloud Run, click on your created dbt-production service, then go to “Edit & Deploy New Revision”: Go to “Variables & Secrets ...Feb 8, 2023 · dbt core Installation. Getting started with dbt core is easy and straightforward. To begin, open your terminal and install the specific provider you will be using. In this example, we will be ... Dec 12, 2022 · dbt-core vs dbt Cloud. dbt-core and dbt Cloud are two different products offered by Fishtown Analytics, the creators of data build tool. dbt-core is an open-source command-line tool that allows users to define their data models using SQL, and then uses these models to generate optimized SQL code that can be run against a data warehouse or other data storage system. dbt has two main products. dbt Core™ is a free, open source tool that includes everything technical teams need to transform data. It provides you with the ability to roll your own ELT pipelines, SQL compilation logic, Jinja templating, database adapters, testing frameworks and documentation.This API allows you to monitor, create, run, cancel, or even overload your various dbt Jobs and pipelines, which is something you don’t have access to with dbt Core. This makes it very easy for you to configure certain actions to execute based on other activities, such as a merge in your git repository. You can even extract the artifacts from ...Apr 4, 2023 · dbt cloud is a browser-based platform that allows you to transform data and manage all the components in one place. With dbt cloud, you can simplify dbt project deployments and get access to enhanced features like scheduled runs of commands. While the dbt core is a free tool, dbt cloud works on a subscription model. dbt-core. Install from the command line. Learn more about packages. $ docker pull ghcr.io/ dbt-labs / dbt-core:1.6.0.Start with dbt Core. dbt is also available as open source software for analytics engineers who want to set up and run dbt locally or on their own infrastructure. dbt Core™ is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license, and includes the functionality required for modern analytics engineering.Jul 18, 2023 · By default, dbt run will execute all of the models in the dependency graph. During development (and deployment), it is useful to specify only a subset of models to run. Use the --select flag with dbt run to select a subset of models to run. Note that the following arguments ( --select, --exclude, and --selector) also apply to other dbt tasks ...
The guidelines in this document apply to all dbt logo marks: dbt Labs, dbt, and dbt Core. These logos communicate unique aspects of the dbt brand, please choose the appropriate logo: Use dbt Labs when referring to the company that creates and maintains dbt. Use dbt Core when referring to the open source compilation logic that powers dbt.. Meyd 568
At its core, dbt is a production environment tool that is extremely efficient at scheduling jobs for transformation in your cloud environment. If you’re still on the fence, or are wondering what the hype is all about, here’s why dbt is experiencing such rapid adoption: it helps analytics engineers to more effectively leverage their time and ...Mar 17, 2023 · And one of the hallmark features of dbt Docs is the Lineage Graph (DAG) of your dbt project. Whether you’re using dbt Core or Cloud, dbt docs and the Lineage Graph are available to all dbt developers. The Lineage Graph in dbt Docs can show a model or source’s entire lineage, all within a visual frame. They will later be picked up by all dbt commands when reading the dbt/profiles.yml file. In the last step of scripts/run_dbt.sh, we copy the artifacts that dbt creates after dbt run (manifest, lineage), dbt test (test results) and dbt docs generate (static index.html page containing the docs) to a S3 bucket.Mar 10, 2023 · • Implementing and scaling dbt Core without engineers • dbt Core v1.0 Reveal • Data Analytics in a Snowflake world • Firebolt Deep Dive - Next generation performance with dbt • The Endpoints are the Beginning: Using the dbt Cloud API to build a culture of data awareness • dbt, Notebooks and the modern data experience Since v0.13, the PyPI package named dbt was a simple "pass-through" of dbt-core and the four original database adapter plugins. For v1, we formalized that split. For v1, we formalized that split. If you have workflows or integrations that relied on installing the package named dbt , you can achieve the same behavior going forward by installing ... Edit, October 2021: I wrote this before joining the dbt Labs team, while I was the Head of Data at Education Perfect. Please interpret “we” accordingly!. The core of dbt’s value proposition is that analytics code is an asset, like any other piece of code, so it should be developed and deployed with the same rigorous processes as any other piece of code.Since v0.13, the PyPI package named dbt was a simple "pass-through" of dbt-core and the four original database adapter plugins. For v1, we formalized that split. For v1, we formalized that split. If you have workflows or integrations that relied on installing the package named dbt , you can achieve the same behavior going forward by installing ... Apr 20, 2023 · CLI overview. dbt Core ships with a command-line interface (CLI) for running your dbt project. The dbt CLI is free to use and available as an open source project. When using the command line, you can run commands and do other work from the current or working directory on your computer. Before running the dbt project from the command line, make ... Dbt compiles the models into sql queries under the target folder (not part of git repo) and executes them on the data warehouse. To schedule dbt runs, snapshots, and tests we need to use a scheduler. Dbt cloud is a great option to do easy scheduling. Checkout this article to learn how to schedule jobs with dbt cloud.The guidelines in this document apply to all dbt logo marks: dbt Labs, dbt, and dbt Core. These logos communicate unique aspects of the dbt brand, please choose the appropriate logo: Use dbt Labs when referring to the company that creates and maintains dbt. Use dbt Core when referring to the open source compilation logic that powers dbt.dbt-core. Install from the command line. Learn more about packages. $ docker pull ghcr.io/ dbt-labs / dbt-core:1.6.0.One year ago, some were already predicting that dbt will one day become bigger than Spark, and the year 2021 proved them right: dbt has become incredibly popular and rumor has it that dbt-labs might raise again at $6 billion valuation. At this rate, they will soon catch up with Databricks which reached a $38 billion valuation in September 2021.dbt-core. Install from the command line. Learn more about packages. $ docker pull ghcr.io/ dbt-labs / dbt-core:1.6.0.Step 3: Setup Postgres dbt adaptor. This will setup install the necessary packages for using postgres as an adaptor + core packages for dbt as well. pip install dbt-postgres. This will install dbt-core and dbt-postgres only: $ dbt --version. installed version: 1.0.0.Distress tolerance. Emotional regulation. Recap. Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) works around developing four major skills: mindfulness, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, and ...The dbt CLI is free to use and open source. For more information, see Connect to dbt Core. Because dbt Cloud and dbt Core can use hosted git repositories (for example, on GitHub, GitLab or BitBucket), you can use dbt Cloud to create a dbt project and then make it available to your dbt Cloud and dbt Core users.dbt core Installation. Getting started with dbt core is easy and straightforward. To begin, open your terminal and install the specific provider you will be using. In this example, we will be ....